El Inventario de Rasgos de Personalidad Positivos (IRP-5). Construcción y análisis de características psicométricas básicas.
Resumen
n el presente trabajo se describe la construcción del Inventario de Rasgos Positivos para el DSM-5 (IRP-5). Este instrumento pretende identificar rasgos positivos de la personalidad partiendo de aquellos criterios identificados como pertenecientes a los rasgos patológicos de la personalidad. Su diseño comenzó con la formulación positiva u opuesta de 220 ítems de un instrumento que mide trastornos de la personalidad de acuerdo a los postulados del DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013): el PID-5 (Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson & Skodol, 2013). Luego de un juicio experto y un estudio piloto, el inventario fue ajustado en cuanto a su contenido y formato en general. Utilizando una muestra de 860 adultos argentinos (49.8% mujeres, 50.2% varones) cuya edad promedio era de 38.5 años (DE = 13.46) se analizó la consistencia interna y la validez externa. Para todas las medidas propuestas para el IRP-5 –cinco dominios y 25 facetas– a excepción de la faceta Determinación, la consistencia interna fue alta. Luego se calcularon correlaciones entre los dominios del IRP-5 y medidas de rasgos normales y patológicos de la personalidad para analizar la validez convergente y discriminante. En ambos casos los resultados fueron los esperados. Se concluye que en instrumento cuenta con un formato adecuado para su uso en población argentina y sus análisis psicométricos básicos indican un buen funcionamiento general de las medidas. Sin embargo, debe obtenerse evidencia empírica justifique la estructura factorial hipotetizada.
Positive Trait Inventory for DSM-5 (PTI-5). Design and analysis of its basic psychometric properties
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the design of the Positive Trait Inventory for DSM-5 (PTI-5). This instrument pretends to measure positive personality traits that are based on the criteria established for diagnosing personality disorders. For this, the 220 indicators of pathology of a measure of personality disorders as postulated by the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) the PID-5 (Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson & Skodol, 2013) were used. After a procedure of expert judgment and pilot study, the inventory was adjusted regarding its content and general format. A sample composed by 860 Argentinean adults (49.8% females; 50.2% males) with mean age of 38.5 year old (SD = 13.46) was used to analyze the inventory’s internal consistency and external validity. For all measures proposed by the PTI-5 –five domains and 25 facets- internal consistency was high. The only exception was the Determination facet. Afterwards, the correlations among PTI-5 domains and measures of normal and pathological personality traits were assessed. In both cases, the results were those expected. It is concluded that the instrument has an adequate format for its use in Argentinean population and that this initial psychometrical analysis show a general good functioning of the measures. However, empirical evidences of its factorial structure should be sought.
Keywords: personality, positive psychology, PID-5, PTI-5
Citas
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